Jan 14, 2025 -… Notably, Slovakia (6.6% of GVA from the automotive sector in 2023), the Czech Republic (5.6%), Hungary (4.5%), and Romania (4.5%) are key exporters of vehicles and auto components to Western European markets. …

Dec 19, 2024 -… Sovereign Ratings Table 1 Sovereigns (sorted by publication date) Rated entity First publication date Second publication date Third publication date Congo (the Democratic Republic of the) Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Congo-Brazzaville Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Luxembourg Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 North Macedonia Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Romania Jan. 24, 2025 Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 European Financial Stability Facility Jan. 31, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 European Stability Mechanism Jan. 31, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 Germany* Jan. 31, 2025 Jun. 13, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Nigeria Jan. 31, 2025 May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 San Marino Jan. 31, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 Sweden* Jan. 31, 2025 Jun. 13, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Denmark* Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Georgia (Government of) Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Guernsey Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Iraq Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Jersey (States of) Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Switzerland* Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Angola Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 15, 2025 Austria Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Cape Verde Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Lebanon Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 15, 2025 Tajikistan Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 15, 2025 Armenia Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 22, 2025 Bosnia and Herzegovina Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 Kazakhstan Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 22, 2025 Kenya Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 22, 2025 France* Feb. 28, 2025 May 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Montenegro Feb. 28, 2025 Aug. 29, 2025 Portugal* Feb. 28, 2025 Aug. 29, 2025 Iceland Mar. 7, 2025 Sep. 5, 2025 Jordan Mar. 7, 2025 Aug. 29, 2025 Norway* Mar. 7, 2025 Sep. 5, 2025 Ukraine Mar. 7, 2025 Sep. 5, 2025 Botswana Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Chad Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Croatia Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Saudi Arabia* Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Spain* Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Albania Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Cameroon Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Ethiopia Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Ireland Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 St Helena Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Czech Republic Mar. 28, 2025 Sep. 26, 2025 Morocco Mar. 28, 2025 Sep. 26, 2025 Oman Mar. 28, 2025 Sep. 26, 2025 Madagascar Apr. 4, 2025 Oct. 3, 2025 Serbia Apr. 4, 2025 Oct. 3, 2025 Egypt Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Hungary Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Italy* Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Mozambique Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 United Kingdom* Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Benin Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Greece Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Netherlands* Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Togo Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Belgium* Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Finland Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Mauritius Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Slovakia Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Turkiye* Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Qatar May. 2, 2025 Oct. 31, 2025 Andorra May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Burkina Faso May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Ghana May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Israel May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Poland May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Uganda May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Cote d'Ivoire May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Cyprus May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Rwanda May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Senegal May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Sharjah (Emirate of) May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 South Africa May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Abu Dhabi (Emirate of) May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Bahrain May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Bulgaria May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Kuwait May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Liechtenstein May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Ras Al Khaimah (Emirate of) May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Uzbekistan May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Zambia May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Estonia May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Latvia May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Lithuania May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Azerbaijan Jun. 6, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Malta Jun. 6, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Slovenia Jun. 6, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 *Unsolicited ratings. Table 2 Sovereigns (sorted alphabetically) Rated entity First publication date Second publication date Third publication date Abu Dhabi (Emirate of) May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Albania Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Andorra May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Angola Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 15, 2025 Armenia Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 22, 2025 Austria Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Azerbaijan Jun. 6, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Bahrain May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Belgium* Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Benin Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Bosnia and Herzegovina Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 Botswana Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Bulgaria May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Burkina Faso May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Cameroon Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Cape Verde Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Chad Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Congo (the Democratic Republic of the) Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Congo-Brazzaville Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Cote d'Ivoire May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Croatia Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Cyprus May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Czech Republic Mar. 28, 2025 Sep. 26, 2025 Denmark* Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Egypt Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Estonia May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Ethiopia Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 European Financial Stability Facility Jan. 31, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 European Stability Mechanism Jan. 31, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 Finland Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 France* Feb. 28, 2025 May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Georgia (Government of) Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Germany* Jan. 31, 2025 Jun. 13, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Ghana May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Greece Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Guernsey Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Hungary Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Iceland Mar. 7, 2025 Sep. 5, 2025 Iraq Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Ireland Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Israel May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Italy* Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Jersey (States of) Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Jordan Mar. 7, 2025 Aug. 29, 2025 Kazakhstan Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 22, 2025 Kenya Feb. 21, 2025 Aug. 22, 2025 Kuwait May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Latvia May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Lebanon Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 15, 2025 Liechtenstein May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Lithuania May. 30, 2025 Nov. 28, 2025 Luxembourg Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Madagascar Apr. 4, 2025 Oct. 3, 2025 Malta Jun. 6, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Mauritius Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Montenegro Feb. 28, 2025 Aug. 29, 2025 Morocco Mar. 28, 2025 Sep. 26, 2025 Mozambique Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Netherlands* Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Nigeria Jan. 31, 2025 May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 North Macedonia Jan. 24, 2025 Jul. 25, 2025 Norway* Mar. 7, 2025 Sep. 5, 2025 Oman Mar. 28, 2025 Sep. 26, 2025 Poland May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Portugal* Feb. 28, 2025 Aug. 29, 2025 Qatar May. 2, 2025 Oct. 31, 2025 Ras Al Khaimah (Emirate of) May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Romania Jan. 24, 2025 Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Rwanda May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 San Marino Jan. 31, 2025 Aug. 1, 2025 Saudi Arabia* Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 Senegal May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Serbia Apr. 4, 2025 Oct. 3, 2025 Sharjah (Emirate of) May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Slovakia Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 24, 2025 Slovenia Jun. 6, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 South Africa May. 16, 2025 Nov. 14, 2025 Spain* Mar. 14, 2025 Sep. 12, 2025 St Helena Mar. 21, 2025 Sep. 19, 2025 Sweden* Jan. 31, 2025 Jun. 13, 2025 Dec. 5, 2025 Switzerland* Feb. 7, 2025 Aug. 8, 2025 Tajikistan Feb. 14, 2025 Aug. 15, 2025 Togo Apr. 18, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Turkiye* Apr. 25, 2025 Oct. 17, 2025 Uganda May. 9, 2025 Nov. 7, 2025 Ukraine Mar. 7, 2025 Sep. 5, 2025 United Kingdom* Apr. 11, 2025 Oct. 10, 2025 Uzbekistan May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 Zambia May. 23, 2025 Nov. 21, 2025 *Unsolicited ratings. …

Dec 19, 2024 -… View Analyst Contact Information Table of Contents Regional Highlights Central And Eastern Europe (CEE) And Commonwealth Of Independent States (CIS) The GCC Region And The Middle East Africa Abu Dhabi (AA/Stable/A-1+) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Albania (BB-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Angola (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Armenia (BB-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Azerbaijan (BB+/Stable /B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Bahrain (B+/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Benin (BB-/Positive/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Bosnia and Herzegovina (B+/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Botswana (BBB+/Stable/A-2) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Bulgaria (BBB/Positive/A-2) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Burkina Faso (CCC+/Stable/C) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Cameroon (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Cape Verde (B/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Chad (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Congo-Brazzaville (CCC+/Stable/C) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Cote d'Ivoire (BB/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Democratic Republic of Congo (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Egypt (B-/Positive/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Ethiopia (SD/SD) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Georgia (BB/Stable/ B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Ghana (SD/SD) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Hungary (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Iraq (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Israel (A/Negative/A-1) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Negative Jordan (BB-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Kazakhstan (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Kenya (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Kuwait (A+/Stable /A-1) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Lebanon (SD/SD) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Madagascar (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Mauritius (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Montenegro (B+/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Morocco (BB+/Positive/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Mozambique (CCC+/Stable/C) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Nigeria (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable North Macedonia (BB-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Oman (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Poland (A-/Stable/A-2) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Qatar (AA/Stable/A-1+) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Ras al Khaimah (A/Stable/A-1) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Romania (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Rwanda (B+/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Saudi Arabia (A/Positive/A-1) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Senegal (B+/Negative/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Serbia (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Sharjah (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable St Helena (BBB-/Stable/A-3) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable South Africa (BB-/Positve/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Tajikistan (B/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Togo (B/Positive/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Positive Turkiye (BB-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Uganda (B-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Ukraine (SD/SD) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Uzbekistan (BB-/Stable/B) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: Stable Zambia (SD/SD) Rating score snapshot: Outlook: This report does not constitute a rating action. ...Yet CEE sovereigns such as Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Romania face headwinds from heightened fiscal challenges. …